Cuajinicuilapa, Mexico

History

The name comes from the Nahuatl phrase cuauhxinicuilli-atl-pan, which means “in the river of the cuajiicuil plant (a kind of edible legumbre).

From before the arrival of the Spanish, Cuajinicuilapa was the province of Ayacastla, with the town of Igualapa as capital. After Independence, the capital moved to Ometepec.

The area was conquered by 1522 by Pedro de Alvarado, who established the Spanish town of Acatlán. In 1531, an uprising by the Tlapaneca caused many to flee the area. During the 16th century, the area lost almost all of its indigenous population due to war, oppression and disease.

The loss of indigenous labor prompted the Spanish to bring African slaves over the colonial period for 300 years. Most of the slaves headed for Mexico arrived in Veracruz. However, those that managed to escape began to make their way to the Costa Chica area. The area was dedicated to livestock, with much of the land owned by Mateo Anaus y Mauleon. The isolation of the area and the lack of workers led to an arrangement between Anaus and the runaway slaves, trading cheap labor for sanctuary. Over time the Cuajinicuilapa area was home to a number of communities of escaped slaves and their descendants. Many of these worked as cowboys or with leather. Over time, many of these intermarried with indigenous and whites.

From the History section of Cuajinicuilapa on Wikipedia, under CC BY-SA 4.0.